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The Yakovlev Yak-9 was a single-engine fighter aircraft used by the Soviet Union in World War II and after. Fundamentally a lighter development of the Yak-7 with the same armament, it arrived at the front at the end of 1942. The Yak-9 had a lowered rear fuselage decking and all-around vision canopy. Its lighter airframe gave the new fighter a flexibility that previous models had lacked.〔Gustin 2003, p. 120.〕 The Yak-9 was the most mass-produced Soviet fighter of all time. It remained in production from 1942 to 1948, with 16,769 built (14,579 during the war).〔Drabkin 2007, p. 146.〕 Towards the end of the war, the Yak-9 was the first Soviet aircraft to shoot down a Messerschmitt Me 262 jet.〔Morgan 1999, p. 53.〕〔Pilot L.I.Sivko of the 812th Interceptor Aviation Regiment, scored on 22. March 1945 as the Me 262 prepared for landing.〕 Following World War II it was used by the North Korean Air Force during the Korean War.〔Angelucci and Matricardi 1978, p. 246.〕 ==Design and development== The Yak-9 represented further development of the successful Yakovlev Yak-7 fighter, a production version of the lightened Yak-7DI, taking full advantage of the combat experience with its predecessor. Greater availability of duralumin allowed for lighter construction which in turn permitted a number of modifications to the basic design. Yak-9 variants carried two different wings, five different engines, six different fuel tank combinations and seven types of armament configurations. In December 1943, it became possible to install the more powerful M-107 engine on a new Yak-9U airframe: the engine mounting was new with individual faired exhaust pipes; fuselage structure and wings were made of metal and the whole aircraft was covered with a Bakelite skin .〔Leonard 2005, p. 124.〕 Fuel capacity was increased to . In order to re-balance the model, the wing was repositioned four inches forward and in order to improve pitch control, the horizontal tail surfaces were slightly reduced.〔Leonard 2005, pp. 124–125.〕 The rear part of the canopy was lengthened and the antenna cable was moved inside it. Usual armament was a ShVAK cannon with 120 rounds firing through a hollow propeller shaft and a UBS machine gun with 170 rounds. The State trials took place from January to April 1944. They revealed a clear superiority in top speed over all other fighters in service on the Eastern front, up to . The aircraft was simple to fly and stable. Unfortunately, the problems with the M-107A engine and moreover all the M-105 variants from which it derived, persisted: power plant overheating, oil leaks, loss of pressure in climbs, intense vibrations, burning out sparkplugs and a short engine life. Despite these defects, the Yak.9U/VK-107 was ordered into production in April 1944, with 1,134 machines produced by December 1944.〔Leonard 2005, p. 125.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yakovlev Yak-9」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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